253
Creutzfeldt W. Preserved incretin activity of glucagon-like
peptide 1[7-36 amide] but not of synthetic human gastric
inhibitory polypeptide in patients with type-2 diabetes
mellitus. J Clin Invest 1993; 91:301–307.
16. Kjems LL, Holst JJ, Volund A, Madsbad S. The influence of
GLP-1 on glucose stimulated insulin secretion: effects on
β
-cell sensitivity in Type 2 and nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes
2003;52:380-386.
17. Knop FK, Vilsbøll T, Højberg PV, Larsen S, Madsbad S, Vølund A,
Holst JJ, Krarup T. Reduced incretin effect in type 2 diabetes:
cause or consequence of the diabetic state? Diabetes. 2007;
56: 1951–1959.
18. López-Jaramillo P, Velandia C, Castillo G, Sánchez T, Álvarez J.
Análogos de incretina e inhibidores de la DPP-4: ¿qué papel
desempeñan en la prevención primaria de las enfermedades
cardiovasculares? Rev Colomb Cardiol 2013; 20: 287-299.
19. Deacon CF, Nauck MA, Toft-Nielsen M, Pridal L, Willms B,
Holst JJ. Both subcutaneously and intravenously administered
glucagon-like peptide I are rapidly degraded from the
NH2-terminus in type II diabetic patients and in healthy
subjects. Diabetes. 1995;44:1126–1131.
20. Trujillo JM, Nuffer W, Ellis SL. GLP-1 receptor agonists: a review
of head to- head clinical studies. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab
2015; 6:19– 28.
21. Uccellatore, A, Genovese S, Dicembrini LL, Mannucci E, Ceriello
A. Comparison Review of Short-Acting and Long-Acting
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists. Diabetes Ther.
2015¸ 6: 239–256.
22. Fineman MS, Cirincione BB, Maggs D, Diamant M. GLP-1 based
therapies: differential effects on fasting and postprandial
glucose Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 2012; 14:
675–688.
23. Kolterman OG, Kim DD, Shen L, et al. Pharmacokinetics,
pharmacodynamics, and safety of exenatide in patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Health Syst Pharm.
2005;62:173–181.
24. Moretto T, Milton D, Ridge T, MacConell L, Okerson T, Wolka
A. et al. Efficacy and tolerability of exenatide monotherapy
over 24 weeks in antidiabetic drug-naive patients with type
2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled,
parallel-group study. Clin Ther 2008; 230:1448–1460.
25. Harris KB and McCarty DJ. Efficacy and tolerability of
glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in patients with
type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ther Adv Endocrino Metab 2015, 6
(1) 3– 18.
26. Nauck MA, Duran S, Kim D, et al. A comparison of twice-
daily exenatide and biphasic insulin aspart in patients
with type 2 diabetes who were suboptimally controlled
with sulfonylurea and metformin: a non-inferiority study.
Diabetología.2007;50:259–267.
27. Heine RJ, Van Gaal LF, Johns D, GWAA Study Group, et al.
Exenatide versus insulin glargine in patients with suboptimally
controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med.
2005; 143:559–569.
28. Klonoff DC, Buse JB, Nielsen LL, et al. Exenatide effects on
diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic
biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes treated for at least
3 years. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008; 24:275–286.
29. Quianzon CL, Shomali ME. Lixisenatide – Once-daily
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in the Management
of Type 2. Diabetes European Endocrinology 2012;8:12–17
30. Horowitz M, Rayner CK, Jones KL. Mechanisms and Clinical
Efficacy of Lixisenatide for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
To Adv Ther (2013) 30(2):81–101.
31. Vidal J. Lixisenatide – A New Glucagon-like Peptide 1 Receptor
Agonist in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. European
Endocrinology, 2013;9 :76–81.
32. Petersen AB and Christensen M. Clinical potential of lixisenatide
once daily treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes
Metab Syndr Obes. 2013; 6: 217–231.
33. DeYoung MB, MacConell l, Sarin V, Trautmann M, Herbert P.
Encapsulation of Exenatide in Poly-(D,L-Lactide-Co-Glycolide)
Microspheres Produced an Investigational Long-Acting
Once-Weekly Formulation for Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes
Technology & Therapeutics 2011;13: 1145-1154.
34. Murphy CE. Review of the Safety and Efficacy of Exenatide
Once Weekly for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The
Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 2012; 46:812-821.
35. Diamant M, Gaal L, Stranks S, Guerci B, MacConell L, Haber H.
et al. Safety and efficacy of once-weekly exenatide compared
with insulin glargine titrated to target in patients with type 2
diabetes over 84 weeks. Diabetes Care 2012; 35: 683–689.
36. Koliaki Ch, Doupis J. Incretin-Based Therapy: a Powerful
and Promising Weapon in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus. Diabetes Ther 2011; 2 :101-121.
37. Blonde L and Russell-Jones D. The safety and efficacy of
liraglutide with or without oral antidiabetic drug therapy in
type 2 diabetes: an overview of the LEAD 1–5 studies. Diabetes,
Obesity and Metabolism 2009; 11 (S3): 26–34.
38. Garber AJ. Liraglutide in oral antidiabetic drug combination
therapy. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 2012; 14 : 13–19.
39. Buse JB, Rosenstock J, Sesti G, Schmidt WE, Montanya E, Brett
JH et al. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatida twice a day
for type 2 diabetes: a 26-week randomised, parallel-group,
multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). Lancet 2009;
374:39-47.
40. Trujillo JM, Nuffer W. Albiglutide: a new GLP-1 receptor agonist
for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Ann Pharmacother. 2014
Nov;48(11):1494-1501.
41. Thompson AM, Trujillo JM. Dulaglutide: The Newest GLP-1
Receptor Agonist for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes.
Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2015; 49:351-359.
42. Madsbad Sten. A review of head-to-head comparisons of GLP-1
receptor agonists. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism 2015.
doi: 10.1002/dom.12596.
43. Nauck MA, Kemmeries G, Holst JJ, Meier JJ. Rapid tachyphylaxis
of the glucagon-like peptide 1- induced deceleration of gastric
emptying in humans. Diabetes. 2011;60:1561–1565.
[Nuevos fármacos en Diabetes Mellitus - Dra. Carmen Gloria Aylwin H.]