32 / 154
358
CONCLUSIÓN
Los avances contemporáneos en genética y biología mole-
cular se han traducido en un renacimiento en el estudio de
los tumores del SNC. Estos nuevos enfoques sugieren el uso
de una taxonomía molecular que promete influenciar el diag-
nóstico, la clasificación de la enfermedad y el manejo clínico.
Más aún, el conocimiento y la identificación de sellos mole-
culares de cada grupo de neoplasias del SNC puede conducir
a la expansión del arsenal terapéutico disponible para tratar
estas lesiones, brindando así nueva luz de esperanza en el
entendimiento y pronóstico de este complejo grupo de
lesiones.
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
1. Siegel R, Miller K, Ahmedin J. American Cancer Society: Cancer
Facts and Figures 2016. Atlanta, Ga: American Cancer Society,
2016. July 11, 2016.
2. Zülch KJ. Histological typing of tumours of the central nervous
system. World Health Organization, Geneva. 1979.
3. Louis DN, Perry A, Cavenee WK, et al. The 2016 World Health
Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous
system: a summary. Acta Neuropathol. 2016;131D6]:803–20.
4. Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Liao P et al. CBTRUS statistical report:
primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in
the United States in 2007–2011. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16: iv1–
iv63.
5. Zong H, Verhaak RG, Canoll P The cellular origin for malignant
glioma and prospects for clinical advancements. Expert Rev Mol
Diagn. 2012; 12: 383–394.
6. Reyes F, Lema M. Cap. 1 “Breve historia del diagnóstico y
tratamiento de los gliomas”. Gliomas del encéfalo. 1º Edición.
Santiago de Compostela, 2007.
7. Horbinski C. What do we know about IDH1/2 mutations so far,
and how do we use it? Acta Neuropathol. 2013;125(5):621–
636.
8. Chen L, Voronovich Z, Clark K, Hands I, et al. Pre- dicting the
likelihood of an isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 mutation
in diagnoses of infiltrative glioma. Neurooncology 2014;
16:1478–1483. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nou097.
9. Horbinski C, Kofler J, Yeaney G, et al. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1
analysis differentiates gangliogliomas from infiltrative gliomas.
Brain Pathol. 2011 Sep;21(5):564-74.
10. Camelo-Piragua S, Jansen M, Ganguly A, et al. A sensitive and
specific diagnostic panel to distinguish diffuse astrocytoma
from astrocytosis: chromosome 7 gain with mutant isocitrate
dehydrogenase 1 and p53. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol.
2011;70(2): 110 – 115.
11. Camelo-Piragua S, Jansen M, Ganguly A, et al. Mutant
IDH1-specific
immunohistochemistry
distinguishes
diffuse astrocytoma from astrocytosis. Acta Neuropathol.
2010;119(4):509 – 511.
12. Rivera-Zengotita, M., Yachnis, A. T. Gliosis Versus Glioma?: Don’t
Grade Until You Know. Advances in Anatomic Pathology, 2012;
Los autores declaran no tener conflictos de interés, en relación a este artículo.
19(4), 239-249. doi: Doi 10.1097/Pap.0b013e31825c6a04.
13. Van den Bent MJ, Brandes AA, Taphoorn MJ, et al. Adjuvant
procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine chemotherapy in
newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendroglioma: long- term
follow-up of EORTC brain tumor group study 26951. J Clin
Oncol. 2013;31D3]:344–50.
14. Cairncross G, Wang M, Shaw E et al. Phase III trial of
chemoradiotherapy for anaplastic oligodendroglioma: long-
term results of RTOG 9402. J Clin Oncol. 2013;31D3]:337–43.
15. Hegi ME, Diserens AC, Gorlia T, et al. MGMT gene silencing and
benefit from temozolomide in glioblastoma. N Engl J Med.
2005;352(10):997–1003.
16. Stupp R, Hegi ME, Mason WP et al. Effects of radio- therapy with
concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide ver- sus radiotherapy
alone on survival in glioblastoma in a randomised phase III
study: 5-year analysis of the EORTC-NCIC trial. Lancet Oncol
2009;10: 459–466.
17. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, et al.: GLOBOCAN 2012
v1.0, Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide. Lyon, France:
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2013. IARC
CancerBase No. 11.
18. Mehta M, Vogelbaum MA, Chang S, et al.: Neoplasms of
the central nervous system. In: DeVita VT Jr, Lawrence TS,
Rosenberg SA: Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology. 9th
ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011, pp
1700-49.
19. Betsy A. Kohler, ElizabethWard, Bridget J. McCarthy et al. Annual
Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975–2007,
Featuring Tumors of the Brain and Other Nervous System. J Natl
Cancer Inst. 2011 May 4; 103(9): 714–736. Published online
2011 Mar 31.
20. Gobierno de Chile. Tumores Primarios del Sistema Nervioso
Central en personas de 15 años y más, 2012 – Ministerio de
Salud, Santiago de Chile.
21. Perry A, Wesseling P. Histologic classification of gliomas. Handb
Clin Neurol. 2016;134:71-95. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-
802997-8.00005-0.
22. Olar A, Wani KM, Alfaro-Munoz KD et al. IDH mutation status
and role of WHO grade and mitotic index in overall survival in
[REV. MED. CLIN. CONDES - 2017; 28(3) 352-359]